Population & Growth Rate For Vehicles In Mumbai Metro Region

Two wheelers	Auto rickshaws	As on 31.3.2008	Cars	Taxis		Buses	Comm. veh	Others	Total
865,466	108,812	Greater Mumbai	507,408	58,813		13,239	71,329	6,770	1,631,837
834,457	117,348	Thane district	353,694	28, 420		11,529	215,145	3,294	1,563,887
200,119	20,298	Raigad district	68,775	11,333		964	42,569	3,042	347,100
1,900,042	246,458	Total MMR	929,877	98,566		25,732	329,043	13,106	3,542,824

Two wheelers	Auto rickshaws	As on 31.3.2005	Cars	Taxis		Buses	Comm. veh	Others	Total
647,892	104,104	Greater Mumbai	409,120	58,049		12,290	56,345	7,140	1,294,940
572,827	104,321	Thane district	250,899	14,014		8,695	151,486	7,865	1,110,107
128,287	18,911	Raigad district	43,457	8,659		719	24,809	2,264	227,106
1,349,006	227,336	Total MMR	703,476	80,722		21,704	232,640	17,269	2,632,153

Annualised Growth - March 2008 over March 2005

Two wheelers	Auto rickshaws		Cars	Taxis		Buses	Comm. veh	Others	Total
11%	2%	Greater Mumbai	8%	0.4%		3%	9%	-2%	9%
15%	4%	Thane district	14%	34%		11%	14%	-19%	14%
19%	2%	Raigad district	19%	10%		11%	24%	11%	18%
14%	3%	Total MMR	11%	7%		6%	14%	-8%	12%

Information from MMRDA Transport and Communications Division's Basic Transport and communications statistics for Mumbai Metropolitan Region - August 2008

---

Why are we worried about Nano ?

Mumbaikars are buying more expensive cars!

How Much Average purchase price Of Cars Has Increased In Last Year

Period	Individual	Corporate
Rs.lakhs
Jan-Mar 2006	5.36	6.98
Jan-Mar 2007	5.65	8.16
Jan-Mar 2008	7.47	7.84
% growth	39%	12%

Based on information received from RTO in response to our RTI query

---

Mumbaikars are buying more Diesel cars !

Period	Petrol	Diesel	CNG	Total
Oct-Mar 07	90%	10%	0.3%	100%
6 months
Apr-Mar 07	88%	11%	2%	100%
12 months
Apr-Mar 08	79%	19%	3%	100%
12 months
projected for
Apr08-Mar09	70%	24%	6%	100%

From Regional RTO office in response to query under RTI

---

Bandra Worli Sea Link Cost & Benefits

Dar Consultants' report - March 2005

Project cost (Rs. 1500 Cr.)- Now revised to beyond	Rs. 1600 Cr
Cost/Km	Rs. 285.7 Cr/Km
Length of Link - (about 1 Km longer than existing route)	5.6 Km
Current average time from Mahim-Haji Ali (peak hrs)	39 minutes
Total Mahim-Haji Ali time via link	9.5 minutes
Average speed of travel on the link	50 Km/hr

Utilisation , Benefits & Revenue Forecast for the Sea Link - Dar Consultants

Year	2009	2013	2017
Number of vehicles* using the Link (per day)	79335	121794	124720
Vehicles/hr - peak time (8.3% of day)	6585	10109	10352
Toll collection/Rs. Cr/day	0.36	0.40	0.55
Toll collection - Rs. Cr/p.a.	83	147	202
Savings in vehicle operating cost- Rs. Cr/p.a.	262	396	403
Savings in operating & time cost -Rs. Cr/p.a.	550	814	827
Per vehicle crossing
Toll fees - Rs.	45	45	45
Savings in vehicle operating cost -Rs.**	90	89	89
Savings in operating & time cost -Rs.	190	183	182

* Most vehicles would be cars , with no 2 wheelers and very few buses. Converted into Standard Passenger Car Units-PCU ( A bus and truck are equal to 3 PCUs). This is based on the assumed traffic and toll ( by Dar Consultants).

**Dar Consultants asumed saving of Rs.90 per crossing in operating cost. Out of which Saving in fuel would be Rs.15 for 0.3 litres of Petrol.It is difficult to estimate the cost of time and other vehicle operating costs.

Now we should compare the actual performance of the Sea Link in terms of :

1. Average time saved per vehicle in crossing in peak and other hours

2. How many vehicles pay the toll and how many don't during different hours of the day

3. What is the r evenue earned per day and per year

We give below figures from a recent traffic count at Mahim which shows that over 13000 people use 4400 vehicles per peak hour.

Findings from a Traffic count at Mahim in Jan 2009 ( Rush hour) #

Type	No. of vehicles/hr		% Vehicles		Pass/hr*	% Pass
	Actual	PCU	Actual	PCU
Cars / Taxies	3300	3300	75	80	5940	45
2 wheelers	992	496	23	12	1786	13
Buses	112	336	3	8	5600	42
Total	4404	4132	100	100	13326	100

# This count was conducted for 1 peak hour and can be considered adequately representative.

* Based on 1.8 persons per private vehicle and 55 per bus.

It is good to understand, question and evaluate the projections and the reality. What is your guess about usership and toll collection? Please give your forecast which can be shared with others

Pl voice your views of how we should tackle the parking problem .

---

How Many Vehicles (and people in them) Pass Some Major Traffic Junctions in Mumbai

All Buses	Cars / Taxis	Auto Rickshaws	2 wheelers	Comm. Vehicles	Total PCU	Locations	Status	Passengers In**			Total
								Buses	4 wheelers	2 wheelers
119	1328	452	466	73	2397	Chembur- Akbarally's	Curr. Actual	5950	3204	839	9993
112	3300	0	992	90	4233	Mahim Church	Curr. Actual	5600	5940	1786	13326
213	2957	0	900	81	4136	Dar Consultants	In 2005	10650	5323	1620	17593
68	2550	0	560	30	3029	Haji Ali	Curr. Actual	3400	4590	1008	8998
160	6004	0	880	90	6774	Agripada (CES)	DEC-07	8000	10807	1584	20391

** Passengers in auto rickshaws are added under 4 wheeler volumes.

Above working leads to following hypotheses:

The locations chosen for traffic & passenger count are among the high volume junctions. It means that current pass volume in peak hr/peak direction is nowhere more than 20,000 . This "high figure" is on western exp highway with 6-7 lanes in each direction. IT is incorrect to justify very high cost metro/mono rail projects for these volumes by assuming a secular growth in traffic at 5% plus on these arteries. As more economically and environmentally sustainable land use can reduce the traffic growth while improving on economic growth.

On the other hand, if we adopt bus lane - whether median or at least at kerb - where median lane is not possible- , introduce better traffic management as well as ensure "no parking on such arteries - at least in peak hr/peak direction" and introduce 20% vehicle restraint based on the last digit of the number plates , we can achieve 30% reduction in congestion, pollution and stress reduction and improve liveability.

It is possible to implement these solutions within a year and with very small investments but a stronger emphasis on fair, equitable and disciplined use of road space . It is high time we focus on such approaches especially as a strong consensus is emerging that Rs. 1600 cr Bandra Worli sea link is not going to provide any solution to the traffic jams. Let us focus on state of art discipline and traffic management which would cost Rs. 100 Cr/pa in recurring cost for extra force, training, use of IT , management of road marking, laning and other related areas . This cost can be more than recovered through higher parking fees and higher and foucssed fines which will help Mumbai to be closer to a world class city.

---

How Much Auto Fuel Mumbai Consumes

Year	Petrol	Diesel	Gas
2003-04	444,600	556,600	317,656
2007-08	431,054	785,888	432,910
%Increase	-3%	41%	36%

Data received in response to a RTI query from : The office of Dy.Commissioner of Sales Tax

---

How Many People Use Regular, AC & BRTS Buses?

Item	Regular Buses		A.C. Buses		Current BRTS
	Jan 08	Aug 08	Jan 08	Aug 08	Jan 08	Aug 08
No. Of Buses Running	3519	3812	37	31	11	15
No.of seats per bus*	45	45	45	45	47	47
No.of return trips/bus/day		10		4		3
No.of Kms/bus/day		211		127		177
Tickets/bus/day-nos.	1062	841	136	248	88	182
Revenue per bus per day-Rs.	5571	6102	4056	5132	2566	3295
Revenue per ticket-Rs.	5.24	7.26	29.85	20.73	29.24	18.08

*Compiled from responses from BEST vide letters dated 27.10.2008 , 26.11.2008

The figures in bold are key parameters for the BEST operations, and have been derived by us from the data received from BEST in response to our queries under RTI.

1. AC service as well as the current version of BRTS carry fewer passengers per day compared to regular buses

2. These services carry fewer passengers, earn less revenue than reg. buses, in spite of higher ticket price. since they drive fewer miles and have poor occupancy especially in off peak direction.

3. A point to point service using fly-overs and Sea Link, should be significantly faster and should have much higher occupancy during off peak direction and hence it should score over all other services in terms of the above key parameters.

---

Operational Performance of BEST bus operation

What better governance, management and discipline can achieve

Exisiting Actual						What can be achieved
	Previous Years			Recent Years		Through better governance
S. No.	1990-91	2000-01	Description	2005-06	2006-07	2010-11	Improvement	How
1	2712	3430	Total fleet owned	3391	3404	3900	15%	Through more buses, higher speed, because of much more usage of flyovers & sealink , use of more one ways, one bus lanes, more protected bus stops, more clearing of major roads from parking
2	2143	3155	Average total vehicles on road per day	3075	3081	3500	14%
3	77	75	Average capacity/buses	72	71	71	n.a.
4	1634	2441	Total Vehicle kms(in lakhs) p.a.	2401	2368	2652	12%
5	209	212	Average kms per bus/day	214	211	230	12%
6	73	55	Occupancy ratio or load factor	58	61	70	15%
7	15037	15116	Number of passengers in a year (in lakhs)	15102	15030	17000	13%
8	41.20	41.41	Number of passengers carried per day ( in lakhs)	41.38	41.18	46.58	13%
9	1922	1313	Average No.of Passengers per bus/day	1346	1337	1400	12%
10	16560	64273	Passenger earnings/year (in lakhs)	79458	79492	92211	16%
11	2117	5581	Avg earning per bus/ dayn(in Rs.)	7079	7069	8000	13%

Source : MMRDA Transport & Communications Division (August 08)(for existing data)
Basic Transport & communication statistics for Mumbai Metropolitan Region

Over last several years, operational performance of BEST has remained stagnant.

How can the operating efficiency of buses be substantially improved in next 12 months

Let us actually Think Rail and Act Bus - Now!

What do you think? Please share your views for others.

Pl voice your views of how we should tackle the parking problem .

---

Growth Of Public Transport In Mumbai

One Way Passenger Trips Originated Daily

Year	Suburban Railways*	BEST	Total
			In lakhs
1960-61	11.71	N.A.
1960-61	11.71	N.A.
1970-71	23.30	23.48	46.78
1980-81	38.69	42.95**	81.64
1990-91	44.48	41.20**	85.68
2000-01	55.74	41.41**	97.15
2005-06	60.71	41.38**	102.09
2006-07	63.89	41.18**	105.07

Source : MMRDA Transport & Communications Division-August 08
Basic Transport & communication statistics for Mumbai Metropolitan Region

* Covers western and Central Railways

While the Suburban Railways have peaked out capacity, the usage of BEST has been stagnant for last 28 years!

**Whereas,raising road user awareness of bus lane restrictions has resulted in clearer bus lanes and and an improved and more reliable bus service.This has encouraged more people to travel by bus, with usage up by 40 per cent In the past five years. In turn, this has helped to reduce congestion on London's roads.

---

Parking Offences & Fines In Mumbai

Year	No parking without towing			Cases apprehended by towing vans
	Cases '000	Fine Amount		Cases '000	Total Amount - Rs.Cr		Amount - Rs. per case
		Rs.Cr	Rs./case		Fines	Towing	Fine	Towing
						Charges		Charges
2004	862	4.98	58	434	426	639	98	147
2005	875	5.14	59	447	421	653	94	146
2006	720	4.20	58	293	292	445	100	152
2007	682	4.42	65	303	303	453	100	150
2008	682	4.73	69	317	317	465	100	147

Traffic Offences Other Than Parking

Year	Total offences *			Drunken driving offences			Other Offences
	Cases-'000	fine - Rs.Cr	Per case-Rs.	Cases-'000	fine - Rs.Cr	Per case-Rs.	Cases-'000	fine - Rs.Cr	Per case-Rs.
2005	1,949	14.26	73	1.18	0.23	1,956	1,073	5.14	48
2006	1,853	14.14	76	1.02	0.19	1,893	1,132	4.20	37
2007	1,957	17.74	91	13	2.39	1,875	1,263	4.42	35
2008	2,314	22.96	99	16	3.23	1,990	1,616	4.73	29

Source : Data received from Office of the Traffic Police in response to a query under RTI

* Total offences include the Parking offences

While traffic police apprehend a total of 23 lakh cases per year the total fine collected and fine per case is quite low.
There is a urgent need to revise the fines substantially upwards, so that it provides a stronger deterrence
Even for parking offences, 2/3rd amount goes for towing charges.
While the vehicles are growing at 9% p.a. the number of offences apprehended have grown at a much smaller rate.
This could be due to the shortage of police personnel and lack of usage of Info.Technology.

---

• We have gathered this information from official / reliable sources. Although we have taken maximum care about authenticity and accuracy, however we should not be held responsible for accuracy.
• You may reproduce any material but with due credit given to MESN